بِسْمِ ٱللَّٰهِ ٱلرَّحْمَٰنِ ٱلرَّحِيمِ

If the Existence of the Allah سبحانه و تعالى‎ were to be restricted to a specific space (hayz) or direction (jiha), then His Essence (dhat) would be dependent on something else for its existence and realization.

Anything that is dependent in this way is, by nature, possible (i.e., contingent, not necessary). This would result in the conclusion that if the Creator’s Existence were restricted to a direction or space, He would be contingent in His Essence.

Since this is impossible, it follows that the assertion that His Existence must be confined to a place or direction is also impossible. The argument presented is that the existence of Allah’s Essence (dhat) cannot occur if it were contingent upon being confined (mukhtassan) to a space (hayz) or direction (jiha).

The reasoning is as follows:

There is no doubt that space and direction are distinct from the essence of Allah. Therefore, if Allah’s Essence required spatial or directional confinement to exist, it would mean that His Essence would be dependent on something other than itself for its realization, and anything whose existence depends on something else is contingent rather than necessary in itself.

The proof for this is that something necessary in itself (wajib li-dhatihi) is that which its non-existence cannot follow from the non-existence of anything else. In contrast, something that depends on something else is such that its non-existence would follow from the non-existence of that other thing.

So, if something that is necessary in itself were dependent on something else, it would involve a contradiction-i.e., that it is both dependent and independent at the same time, which is impossible.

Thus, it is established that if Allah’s Existence were contingent upon being in a spatial location or direction, then He would be possible in essence, not necessary in essence, which is absurd. Therefore, Allah’s Existence in space or direction is impossible.

[al-Tafsir al-Kabir, Volume 14]

جَزَاكَ اللهُ خَيْرًا